Galwylin wrote:
> At 10:04 AM 10/8/98 -0400, Daniel McSorley wrote:
> >
> > Within the structure of the game, we do have an absolute scale of good
> >and evil. The alignment system is set up this way on purpose. If we let
> >everyone say that what they believed was correct, then there would be no
> >evil on that chart at all!
>
> I think this is why someone earlier said they have a problem with the
> alignment system. The alignment system tries to describes both actions and
> internal motivation. Those don’t necessarily agree. That’s why some think
> a ranger can kill all members of his species enemy and retain his alignment
> even though he is also killing those that aren’t a threat to him. Even
> further, in Birthright, members of the same alignment may be forced into
> battle with each other at the desires of their regents. The alignment
> system as an absolute scale isn’t designed to handle all of this and give
> an complete answer. Doesn’t mean its not useful.
I think that was me… 
Anyway, I’m glad I made that comment since it has sparked so much lively
debate. I’m a devout Conversationalist, which means I think the greatest of
all moral laws is the First Amendment and the only true evil is censorship…
I would like to point out, however, that I think the original debate has
changed from a discussion of the alignment system into a debate regarding the
existence of absolute versus situational morality with a few hints of
sociological ethics tossed in, which seems to be the au currant thing to do
since the 1960’s.
I have to admit, I fall down on Samual’s side of this particular debate. I
think there certainly is an absolute morality, and that holding up the POV of
an individual or the mores of a culture/society are poorly contrived excuses
for immoral behavior disguised as a higher moral standard of empathy and
individual rights. This is a fundamental perversion of the moral standard of
context determining right and wrong. That is, because of the moral standard
that makes an exception to the immorality of killing when it is done in
self-defense or when defending the lives of others, many people commit the
fallacy of extending that moral exception to less clearly defined
circumstances, such as cultural conflict or long-term survival issues.
I’m a logically inclined guy, so here’s the logical argument/fallacy:
Murder is immoral. Self-defense is not murder. Therefore, self-defense is not
immoral.
Defending one’s culture by killing is self-defense. Self-defense is not
murder. Therefore, defending one’s culture by killing is not immoral.
See how the first statement of the second argument is flawed? Defending one’s
culture by killing is not self-defense. Self-defense is an immediate
action/response. Defending one’s culture is a premeditated act. Not at all
the same thing. There are parallels between the two, however, and I believe
that is the problem. An act of self-defense can be interpreted as defending
one’s culture when the source of the attack is racial or cultural, but that is
not really the same thing. Race and culture are incidental to self-defense.
In fact, they are opposing forces. You cannot apply self-defense to a culture
because the word “self” is right there in the word! “Self” opposes culture by
definition.
Now, at this point, I think I should give a nod to good ole’ Thomas Aquinas and
his definition of “just war” etc. Personally, I think Tommy equates
self-defense and defending one’s culture a bit too much, thus justifying a lot
of the wars since the 13th century, but you can’t really blame him. The wars
would have happened anyway. It’s just that their justification would not have
been quite so easy, and rulers would have had less trouble wriggling out of
their moral responsibility.
The point in all this is that the moral basis of the argument that the Ghallie
Sidhie are using to justify their actions is fundamentally flawed, as are the
moral arguments made regarding whether the GS can still be construed as “good”
when they do their thing. The actions of the elves are definitively evil.
They combine both killing people without moral justification and racism, both
of which are immoral.
There is also an argument that because these actions are responses to moral
wrongs in the past, they are justified, but that really doesn’t hold water. It
parallels the current moral argument regarding Native American rights that is
going on here in the U.S. right now.
(Out here in California we have Proposition 5 coming up that actually has
equated Indian Gaming with the slaughter of natives. One early ad quoted a
newspaper that said that Governor’s Wilson’s veto of a similar bill a year or
two ago was as bad as “anything the U.S. Cavalry did last century.” Can you
imagine? Not allowing Bingo on reservations is as morally reprehensible as the
Trail of Tears or Wounded Knee? Personally, I could care less about Indian
gaming, but I have to vote against this thing now if for no other reason than
personal aesthetics…)
The problem with this argument (the “response to previous wrongs” argument, not
the Indian gaming one) is that it equates self-defense with pre-emptive
actions, and commits the good old Two Wrongs Don’t Make a Right Fallacy.
Self-defense is by definition immediate. The response to previous aggression
argument not only is not immediate, but is predicated upon a continuation of
past aggression, which is not logically supportable.
My last point about this situational vs. absolute morality is that whether you
believe in absolute morality or not, it does exist in the game. That’s what
alignment is. Unfortunately, the designers of the game presented alignment
without really defining it, leading to this kind of debate. Not only that, but
they have made alignment far too significant in the game. Absolute morality
exists, but in my view it is far less intrusive than most people seem to
think. Do you really need to believe in absolute morality to know that
slaughtering civilians is an evil act?
There is a vast and vague gray area that exists between the poles of good and
evil on the absolute morality scale in which most of us operate 99.9% of the
time. Often people who believe in absolute morality confuse their beliefs
within the gray area with their absolute ones, leading them to describe things
as evil or immoral which are not absolutely so. This also ends up in a
reversal of that situation where people see the confusion of the gray area and
equate it to the absolutes at the edge.
OK, so I’m stepping off my soapbox now.
Gary